Friday, June 4, 2021

Fingertip Pulse Oximeter


"The essential is invisible to our eyes."

Just imagine if trees produce Wi-Fi Signal, we would be planting so many trees and probably save the planet. Unfortunately, it only produces oxygen. The flip-side of today shows the signs of neediness of oxygen. 

All tissues in our body rely on oxygen for survival. Oxygen is breathed into the lungs via the upper airway by the action of the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles, oxygen moves from the alveoli (air sacs of the lung) to blood. In the bloodstream, it is picked up by haemoglobin molecules and the tissue receives oxygen from haemoglobin. A shortage of oxygen in the tissues is referred to as hypoxia. 

"It's absolutely necessary to make yourself a priority, remember it's not selfish." 

As of now, try to keep up an oximeter with you to read your 'oxygen saturation level' and act aptly.

Oxygen saturation level is a percentage of available haemoglobin carrying oxygen. More precisely if there are ten Hb molecules without O2, the oxygen saturation level is 0% (deoxygenated haemoglobin). If there are ten Hb molecules with five O2, the oxygen saturation level is 50%(partially oxygenated haemoglobin) and if there are ten Hb molecules with ten O2, the oxygen saturation level is 100 %(oxygenated haemoglobin).

"We wake up each day and walk on the surface forgetting to touch things in depth." 



Fingertip Pulse oximeter uses light to work out the oxygen saturation level. Light is emitted from the source which moves across the sensor and reaches the detector. If a finger is placed in between light source and light detector, the light will now have to pass through the finger to reach the detector. A part of the light will be absorbed by the finger and a part not absorbed reaches the detector. 

This Pulse Oximeter uses the property that the oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin absorb light of specific wavelength. The source emits two types of light: Red light of 650 nm and Infrared light of 950 nm. The Pulse oximeter then works out the oxygen saturation by comparing how much red light and infrared light absorbed by the blood. Depending on the amounts of oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin present, the ratio of the amount of red light absorbed compared to the amount of infrared light absorbed varies. Using this ratio the pulse oximeter then can work out the oxygen saturation level.

sO2(a) - Oxygen saturation in arterial blood.

cO2Hb- concentration of oxy-haemoglobin. 

cHHb  - concentration of deoxy-haemoglobin.

cO2Hb + CHHb - Total concentration of haemoglobin that are capable of binding with oxygen.

Normal Oxygen saturation level: 95 to 100 %.



"Nature smartly well dresses the medicine into the food."

To keep going with a perfect oxygen saturation level, it is said to consume few raw cloves any time but if it is consumed before bedtime, it's benefit doubles. Cloves are full of antioxidant, increases blood circulation and  reduces the risk of heart diseases, diabetes.


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